Soyuz TMA-M

Soyuz TMA-M is a retired Russian crewed spacecraft, the modernized digital version of the Soyuz TMA that carried crews to and from the International Space Station. It was built by RKK Energia and operated by Roscosmos. New digital avionics and telemetry systems were first flight-certified aboard uncrewed Progress cargo ships in the late 2000s, and the first TMA-M flight, Soyuz TMA-01M, launched on 7 October 2010. The series flew 20 crewed missions that carried 54 people and made 22 dockings, nearly all at the station. Soyuz TMA-08M in March 2013 set a record for the fastest crewed flight to the station, reaching it in about six hours. The vehicle stands about 7.5 m tall, is 2.72 m across, has a mass near 7.2 tonnes, seats up to three, and uses the KTDU-80 main engine with two deployable solar arrays. The final flight, Soyuz TMA-20M, launched on 18 March 2016 and landed on 7 September 2016, after which the type was succeeded by the Soyuz MS.