Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology

The Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology, abbreviated MITT, is a Russian engineering and scientific research institute founded on 13 May 1946 and located in the Otradnoye District in the north of Moscow. It grew out of a Soviet weapons design bureau created in 1945, became Research Institute No. 1 in 1946 and took its present name in March 1966; Aleksandr Nadiradze was its chief designer from 1967 to 1987. The institute was built around developing ballistic missiles and rockets for the strategic deterrent, among them the Topol, Topol-M, Yars and Bulava missiles and the Start-1 launcher. It has since taken on civilian projects and has modified some of its intercontinental ballistic missiles into launch vehicles used to carry satellites. It is listed among the organizations of Roscosmos, and its group includes TSNIISM, Votkinsky Zavod and the Federal Research and Production Center Titan Barrikady.