Andriyan Nikolayev

Andriyan Nikolayev was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew the Vostok 3 mission in August 1962, part of the first instance of two crewed spacecraft, Vostok 3 and Vostok 4, in orbit at the same time, passing within a few kilometers of each other. He later commanded the Soyuz 9 mission in 1970, which set a new spaceflight duration record of nearly eighteen days, providing important early data on the physical effects of extended weightlessness on the human body.