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Spacecraft

International Space Station

Also Known As ISS
Space Station
Modular Truss with Paired Solar Arrays

A modular space station in low Earth orbit, assembled beginning in November 1998 and jointly operated by NASA, Roscosmos, the European Space Agency, JAXA and the Canadian Space Agency. Continuously crewed since November 2000, it holds the record for the longest continuous human presence in space and is expected to remain operational through 2030.

Facts
Spacecraft Type
Crewed space station 2
Launch Date
1998-11-20 3
Date of the Zarya module's launch, the first ISS component; assembly continued for over a decade afterward.
Manufacturer
Multi-national: Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center (Russian segment), NASA Marshall Space Flight Center and Michoud Assembly Facility (US segment), ESA (Columbus), JAXA (Kibo) 3
Status
Operational; continuously crewed since 2 November 2000. 2
Status
Status (category)
Active 1
Connections

Associated With

Kessler Syndrome, Concepts

The International Space Station has repeatedly maneuvered to avoid tracked debris, the hazard the Kessler scenario describes.

Low Earth Orbit, Concepts
Space Debris, Concepts

The International Space Station has repeatedly maneuvered to avoid tracked debris.

UAE Space Agency, Space Agencies and Companies

UAE astronaut Sultan Al Neyadi flew a NASA Commercial Crew mission to the ISS in 2023, under the UAE's Artemis Accords partnership.

Source Wikipedia (space and spaceflight articles)
Additional Source International Space Station (Wikipedia)United Arab Emirates Space Agency, lead section

Mission Of

International Space Station Program, Missions and Programs
Source International Space Station (Wikipedia)

Operated By

Canadian Space Agency, Space Agencies and Companies

Canada is an ISS international partner; the Canadian Space Agency provides and operates the station's Mobile Servicing System (Canadarm2, Dextre, the Mobile Base System).

Source Wikipedia (space and spaceflight articles)
European Space Agency, Space Agencies and Companies
Source Wikipedia (space and spaceflight articles)
Additional Source International Space Station (Wikipedia)International Space Station, lead section
JAXA, Space Agencies and Companies
Source Wikipedia (space and spaceflight articles)
Additional Source International Space Station (Wikipedia)International Space Station, lead section
NASA, Space Agencies and Companies

NASA is the lead partner; the ISS is jointly operated with Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA and the Canadian Space Agency under the Intergovernmental Agreement.

Source Wikipedia (space and spaceflight articles)
Additional Source International Space Station (Wikipedia)International Space Station, lead section
Roscosmos, Space Agencies and Companies
Source Wikipedia (space and spaceflight articles)
Additional Source International Space Station (Wikipedia)International Space Station, lead section
In the Other Atlases

Manufactured By

European Space Agency

Also in Science Atlas: the manufacturer of this subject.

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Also in Science Atlas: the manufacturer of this subject.

NASA

Also in Science Atlas: the manufacturer of this subject.

Sources
1. International Space Station (Wikipedia)
  • the station is expected to remain operational until the end of 2030
  • International Space Station, lead section
    The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station in low Earth orbit (LEO). It is the product of the International Space Station program and is operated by five partner space agencies: NASA (United States), Roscosmos (Russia), ESA (Europe), JAXA (Japan), and CSA (Canada).
  • Associated With: UAE Space Agency, United Arab Emirates Space Agency, lead section
  • In Group: Permanently Crewed Space Stations, Lead sentence
    The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station in low Earth orbit (LEO).
  • Mission Of: International Space Station Program, Lead sentence
    The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station in low Earth orbit (LEO).
  • Part Of: International Space Station Program, Lead sentence
    The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station in low Earth orbit (LEO).
View the Source
2. NASA History Office
National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationView the Source
3. Wikipedia (space and spaceflight articles)
Wikimedia Foundation
  • International Space Station, Assembly section (Zarya)
    The beginning of the core of the ISS's tenure in orbit was the launch of the Russian-built Zarya module atop a Proton rocket on 20 November 1998.
  • International Space Station, Wikipedia - assembly and modules section
    The modules of the Russian Orbital Segment, including Zarya and Zvezda, were produced at the Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center in Moscow.
  • Operated By: Canadian Space Agency, Canadian Space Agency (Wikipedia) - ISS robotics
    Canadarm2 (SSRMS), Dextre (SPDM), mobile base system (MBS) and multiple robotics workstations that together make up the Mobile Servicing System on the ISS.
View the Source
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