Two series of United States lunar and planetary space probes: the first (1958 to 1960) attempted early lunar missions and interplanetary exploration, and the second (1965 to 1992) explored the outer planets, Venus and space weather. NASA managed the program overall. Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 became two of the first human-made objects to attain solar-system escape velocity.
Facts
Mission TypeSeries of lunar and planetary probes 2 OutcomePioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 became two of the first human-made objects to achieve solar-system escape velocity, among other results across the program's nine successes, ten failures and one partial failure. 2 Partially Attested
End DateDate is when the final spacecraft of the second Pioneer series (1965-1992), the Pioneer Venus Orbiter, was destroyed reentering Venus's atmosphere, marking the practical end of that series; no single source states an exact program-close date beyond the year 1992. Mission Type
Mission Type (category)Robotic / Uncrewed Mission 1 Connections
Associated With
Operated By
Source Wikipedia (space and spaceflight articles)
Additional Source Pioneer program (Wikipedia)Pioneer program, Early missions section
Spacecraft Of
Source Pioneer 0 (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Pioneer 10
Source Pioneer 11 (Wikipedia)
Targets
Source Jupiter (Wikipedia)
Source Saturn (Wikipedia)
Sources
1. Pioneer program (Wikipedia)
Lead, outcome
unsuccessfully attempted to send spacecraft to orbit the Moon, successfully sent one spacecraft to fly by the Moon
Pioneer program, lead section
The Pioneer programs were two series of United States lunar and planetary space probes.
Article text
Pioneer 3 - Lunar flyby, missed Moon due to launcher failure December 6, 1958 Pioneer 4 - Lunar flyby, achieved Earth escape velocity, launched March 3, 1959
Lead section
The two outer planet probes, Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11, became the first two of five artificial objects to achieve the escape velocity that will allow them to leave the Solar System, and carried a golden plaque each depicting a man and a woman and information about the origin and the creators of the probes, in case any extraterrestrials find them someday. == Naming == Credit for naming the first probe has been attributed to Stephen A.
Lead
two series of United States lunar and planetary space probes
Operated By: NASA, Pioneer program, Early missions section
This included the first launch by NASA which was formed from the old NACA.
In Group: NASA Outer Solar System and Small-Body Missions, Lead sentence
The Pioneer programs were two series of United States lunar and planetary space probes.
View the Source2. Wikipedia (space and spaceflight articles)
Wikimedia Foundation- Mission Type: Series of lunar and planetary probes
- Launch Date: 1958-08-17
- Outcome: Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 became two of the first human-made objects to achieve solar-system escape velocity, among other results across the program's nine successes, ten failures and one partial failure.
- End Date: 1992-10-22
Pioneer Venus Orbiter (Wikipedia)
Pioneer Venus Orbiter, Wikipedia, End of mission sectionQuote, Pioneer Venus Orbiter, Wikipedia, End of mission section
The Pioneer Venus Orbiter disintegrated upon entering the atmosphere of Venus on October 22, 1992.
Pioneer 0 (Wikipedia)
Includes: Pioneer 0, Lead
as the first spacecraft in the Pioneer program
Spacecraft Of: Pioneer 0, Lead
as the first spacecraft in the Pioneer program
View the SourceVenus (Wikipedia)
Targets: Venus, Article textQuote, Targets: Venus, Article text
NASA obtained additional data with the Pioneer Venus project, consisting of two separate missions: the Pioneer Venus Multiprobe and Pioneer Venus Orbiter, orbiting Venus between 1978 and 1992.
Jupiter (Wikipedia)
Targets: Jupiter, Article textQuote, Targets: Jupiter, Article text
Jupiter has been visited by automated spacecraft since 1973, when the space probe Pioneer 10 passed close enough to Jupiter to send back revelations about its properties and phenomena.
Saturn (Wikipedia)
Targets: Saturn, Article textQuote, Targets: Saturn, Article text
An estimate of Saturn's rotation (as an indicated rotation rate for Saturn as a whole) based on a compilation of various measurements from the Cassini, Voyager, and Pioneer probes is 10h 32m 35s.
Wikipedia: Pioneer 10
Wikimedia FoundationSpacecraft Of: Pioneer 10, Lead sentence
Pioneer 10 (originally designated Pioneer F) is a NASA space probe launched in 1972 that completed the first mission to the planet Jupiter.
Includes: Pioneer 10, Lead sentence
Pioneer 10 (originally designated Pioneer F) is a NASA space probe launched in 1972 that completed the first mission to the planet Jupiter.
View the Source Pioneer 11 (Wikipedia)
Spacecraft Of: Pioneer 11, Lead sentence
Pioneer 11 (also known as Pioneer G) is a NASA robotic space probe launched on April 5, 1973, to study the asteroid belt, the environment around Jupiter and Saturn, the solar wind, and cosmic rays.
Includes: Pioneer 11, Lead sentence
Pioneer 11 (also known as Pioneer G) is a NASA robotic space probe launched on April 5, 1973, to study the asteroid belt, the environment around Jupiter and Saturn, the solar wind, and cosmic rays.
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